All Articles

Every Chronicle article on world history, newest first: battles, empires, disasters, discoveries and revolutions.

Battle of Hormozdgan (224): Ardashir I Founds Sasanian Persia

Ardashir I killed Artabanus IV and overthrew the Parthian Arsacid dynasty, founding the Sasanian Empire, which lasted until 651.

AD 224 · 6 min read

Much of Hamburg was destroyed and an estimated 34,000–42,000 civilians were killed, most of them in the firestorm of 27–28 July.

1943 · 6 min read

Victory for the pro-Treaty Irish Free State government; anti-Treaty forces were ordered to dump their arms in May 1923.

1922-1923 · 5 min read

British victory; Asante was annexed as a British colony in 1902, but the Golden Stool itself was never surrendered.

1900 · 5 min read

Mexico adopted a constitution combining a federal republic with far-reaching social rights; much amended, it remains in force today.

1917 · 6 min read

Ammonia could be synthesised from atmospheric nitrogen and hydrogen on an industrial scale, making cheap nitrogen fertiliser and explosives possible.

1909 · 6 min read

Decisive Prussian victory that ended the Austro-Prussian War in Prussia's favour and excluded Austria from German affairs.

3 July 1866 · 6 min read

A Mongol dynasty ruled Iran and Iraq for about eighty years, converted to Islam in 1295 and broke apart after 1335.

1256-1335 · 6 min read

Decisive crusader victory; Saladin's army was routed and he retreated to Egypt with heavy losses.

25 November 1177 · 4 min read

Edward III created a fellowship of 26 knights under St George that survives as Britain's highest order of chivalry.

c. 1348 · 5 min read

Athelstan took York, ending the Viking kingdom there for a time, and was recognised as overlord by the rulers of northern Britain.

927 · 6 min read

Decisive Ottoman victory; King Władysław III and Cardinal Cesarini were killed and the Crusade of Varna collapsed.

10 November 1444 · 6 min read