Every Chronicle article on world history, newest first: battles, empires, disasters, discoveries and revolutions.
Cassini studied Saturn, its rings and moons for 13 years, Huygens made the first landing in the outer Solar System on Titan, and the spacecraft ended its mission by diving into Saturn.
Indonesia annexed East Timor in 1976; the occupation, never recognised by the UN, lasted until 1999 and cost an estimated 100,000 to 180,000 lives.
Between 347 and 504 unarmed civilians were killed; the massacre was covered up for over a year, and of those charged only Lieutenant William Calley was convicted.
Jesus was executed by crucifixion on the orders of the Roman prefect Pontius Pilate; his followers' belief in his resurrection gave rise to Christianity.
Aksum's king and court adopted Christianity, laying the foundations of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church.
Wang Mang's Xin dynasty collapsed amid famine and rebellion; he was killed in Chang'an in AD 23, and the Han dynasty was restored under Emperor Guangwu in AD 25.
The Yoga Sutras became the classic text of yoga philosophy in India and, after the 19th century, a foundational text for yoga in the West.
Decisive Roman victory; the Gallic relief army was routed, Vercingetorix surrendered and the great revolt of 52 BC collapsed.
Melos surrendered to Athens; its men of military age were killed, its women and children enslaved, and 500 Athenian settlers took over the island.
Ramesses II reigned for 66 years, ended decades of war with the Hittites by treaty and left more monuments than any other pharaoh.
The treasure was bequeathed to the British Museum in 1897 and is the most important collection of Achaemenid gold and silver to survive.
Dimetrodon was a top land predator of the early Permian and is now a key fossil for understanding the early evolution of the mammal lineage.
