Modern Era
Battle of Borodino (1812): The Bloodiest Day of Napoleon's Wars
Tactical French victory; the Russian army withdrew intact, and Napoleon occupied Moscow a week later.
Era · c. 1800 – 1945
Modern Era
Industry, science and global conflict: the century and a half that built the modern world.
Modern Era
French Invasion of Russia (1812): Napoleon's Grande Armée
Catastrophic French defeat; most of the Grande Armée was destroyed, and Napoleon's enemies formed the Sixth Coalition that drove him from power by 1814.
Modern Era
Battle of Queenston Heights (1812): The Death of Isaac Brock
British, Canadian militia and Haudenosaunee forces defeated the American invasion and captured over 900 prisoners, but Major General Isaac Brock was killed.
Modern Era
War of 1812: Britain and the United States at War Again
The Treaty of Ghent restored pre-war borders; Canada remained British, the United States gained confidence, and Native nations lost their British ally and much of their land.
Modern Era
Battle of Vitoria (1813): Wellington Drives France From Spain
Decisive Anglo-Portuguese and Spanish victory; the French army fled towards France, abandoning almost all its artillery and baggage.
Modern Era
Battle of Leipzig (1813): The Battle of the Nations
Decisive Coalition victory; Napoleon retreated across the Rhine and French power in Germany collapsed.
Modern Era
Battle of Lake Erie (1813): Perry's Victory in the War of 1812
The entire British squadron surrendered, giving the United States control of Lake Erie and forcing the British to abandon Detroit.
Modern Era
Napoleon's Exile to Elba (1814): An Emperor's Small Kingdom
Napoleon ruled Elba as a sovereign prince for about ten months before escaping to France on 26 February 1815 to begin the Hundred Days.
Modern Era
Congress of Vienna (1814–1815): Redrawing the Map of Europe
The Final Act of 9 June 1815 redrew the map of Europe and created a balance of power and a system of great-power cooperation that lasted for decades.
Modern Era
Battle of Baltimore (1814): Fort McHenry and the Anthem
American victory; the British army and fleet withdrew after failing to break Baltimore's defences.
Modern Era
Burning of Washington (1814): When British Troops Torched DC
British forces burned the Capitol, the President's House and other public buildings, then withdrew after about 26 hours in the city.
Modern Era
Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816): The Gurkhas and the Company
East India Company victory; by the Treaty of Sugauli Nepal lost about a third of its territory and accepted a British Resident in Kathmandu.