Modern Era
First Cholera Pandemic (1817-1824): From Bengal to the World
Cholera spread for the first time far beyond India, killing hundreds of thousands of people across Asia before dying down by 1824.
Era · c. 1800 – 1945
Modern Era
Industry, science and global conflict: the century and a half that built the modern world.
Modern Era
Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818): End of Maratha Power
East India Company victory; the Peshwa's office was abolished, his lands annexed and the remaining Maratha states made subordinate to the Company.
Modern Era
Battle of Maipú (1818): San Martín Secures Chile's Independence
Decisive patriot victory; the royalist army was destroyed and Chilean independence was secured.
Modern Era
Peterloo Massacre (1819): Cavalry Charge in Manchester
Around 15-18 people were killed and hundreds injured; the government backed the magistrates and passed the repressive Six Acts.
Modern Era
Battle of Boyacá (1819): Bolívar's Victory for New Granada
Decisive patriot victory; the royalist army was captured, the viceroy fled Bogotá and New Granada was effectively freed from Spanish rule.
Modern Era
Founding of Singapore (1819): Stamford Raffles and the Treaty
A treaty with the Sultan of Johor and the Temenggong allowed the East India Company to found a trading post that grew into a major free port.
Modern Era
Cato Street Conspiracy (1820): Plot to Murder the Cabinet
The plotters were arrested in Cato Street; five were hanged and beheaded on 1 May 1820 and five others transported for life.
Modern Era
Missouri Compromise (1820): Slavery and the Balance of States
Maine entered as a free state, Missouri as a slave state, and slavery was banned in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase north of 36°30'.
Modern Era
Ørsted Discovers Electromagnetism (1820): Compass Meets Current
Ørsted showed that an electric current produces a magnetic effect, founding the science of electromagnetism.
Modern Era
Greek War of Independence (1821-1829): Freedom From the Ottomans
Greece won independence from the Ottoman Empire, recognised by the great powers in 1830 and established as a kingdom in 1832.
Modern Era
Battle of Carabobo (1821): Simón Bolívar Frees Venezuela
Decisive patriot victory; the royalist army in Venezuela was broken and Caracas was liberated days later.
Modern Era
Battle of Pichincha (1822): Antonio José de Sucre Liberates Quito
Patriot victory; the royalist garrison of Quito capitulated and the region joined Gran Colombia.