Region

Europe

Battle of the Caudine Forks (321 BC): Rome Under the Yoke

The trapped Roman army surrendered, passed under the yoke and accepted a peace that cost Rome Fregellae and other gains.

321 BC · 4 min read

Eleven aqueducts gave Rome one of the largest public water supplies of the ancient world, feeding fountains, baths and homes.

312 BC - AD 226 · 8 min read

Rome gained a strategic all-weather road to Campania that became the main route to southern Italy and the eastern Mediterranean.

begun 312 BC · 8 min read

The Garden became one of the four great philosophical schools of Athens, and Epicureanism spread across the Greek and Roman world.

306 BC · 4 min read

Rhodes resisted successfully and kept its independence; Demetrius made peace and withdrew after about a year.

305-304 BC · 6 min read

The Elements became the standard textbook of geometry and the model of mathematical proof for over two millennia.

c. 300 BC · 6 min read

Zeno's school became Stoicism, one of the most influential philosophies of the Hellenistic and Roman worlds.

c. 300 BC · 6 min read

Decisive Roman victory that broke the anti-Roman coalition of Samnites, Gauls, Etruscans and Umbrians.

295 BC · 4 min read

Archimedes made lasting discoveries in geometry, mechanics and hydrostatics and was killed when Rome captured Syracuse in 212 BC.

c. 287-212 BC · 8 min read

Resolutions of the plebeian assembly (plebiscites) gained the force of law for all Romans, patricians included.

287 BC · 4 min read

The statue stood for about 54 years before an earthquake broke it; its ruins lay on the ground for some 800 years.

c. 280 BC · 6 min read

Pyrrhus won costly battles but failed to defeat Rome or Carthage and withdrew to Greece in 275 BC; Rome went on to control southern Italy.

280-275 BC · 6 min read