Region
Nicene Trinitarian Christianity was declared the true faith of the empire's people, and other Christian groups were branded heretics, paving the way for the Council of Constantinople in 381.
The empire was permanently governed by two separate courts, in Constantinople and in the West; the two halves were never again ruled by a single resident emperor.
The invaders broke through the Rhine frontier, plundered Gaul for almost three years and crossed into Spain in 409.
The triple line of land walls made Constantinople almost impregnable until the Ottoman artillery siege of 1453.
Britain ceased to be part of the Roman Empire; Roman towns, villas and the money economy declined, and Anglo-Saxon settlement followed in the 5th century.
The Goths plundered Rome for three days and left with great wealth and hostages; the event shocked the Roman world but did not end the Western Empire.
The kingdom became the strongest successor state in Gaul but lost almost all its Gallic lands to the Franks after the Battle of Vouillé in 507.
The Vandals and Alans took Carthage in 439 and founded a kingdom in North Africa that lasted until 534.
Tactical stalemate and strategic success for Aetius; Theodoric I was killed and Attila withdrew from Gaul.
The Vandals plundered Rome for about two weeks and carried off its treasures and thousands of captives, including the empress Eudoxia and her daughters, to Carthage.
Odoacer deposed the last emperor in Italy and ruled as king; no new Western emperor was appointed, and the Eastern emperor in Constantinople became the only Roman emperor.
Theodoric gave Italy three decades of stable Gothic-Roman rule, but his kingdom fell to Justinian's armies within thirty years of his death.
